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Study vast collections of stars (galaxies) and the structure, origin, and evolution of the universe.

Cosmic Expanse: Galaxies & Universe

Galaxies and the universe study vast collections of stars, gas, and dust (galaxies) and the structure, origin, and evolution of the universe, unveiling the grand scale of cosmic history. Galaxies range from spirals like the Milky Way to ellipticals, while the universe, born in the Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago, expands and evolves, offering insights into dark matter, dark energy, and our cosmic origins.

Components of Galaxies & Universe

Galaxies and the universe are defined by their types, structure, and evolutionary processes. Here’s the breakdown:

  • Types of Galaxies: Major categories like spiral, elliptical, and irregular galaxies, based on shape and composition.
  • Universe Structure: The large-scale arrangement of galaxies, clusters, and cosmic web filaments.
  • Origin of the Universe: The Big Bang theory and the early universe’s rapid expansion.
  • Evolution of the Universe: Changes over time, including galaxy formation, dark energy, and cosmic expansion.

Lists of Galaxies & Universe Components with Examples

Types of Galaxies Examples

  • Spiral: The Milky Way, our galaxy, has spiral arms with stars like the Sun.
  • Elliptical: M87, a massive elliptical galaxy, hosts a supermassive black hole.
  • Irregular: The Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite of the Milky Way, lacks a defined shape.

Universe Structure Examples

  • The Virgo Cluster, a group of galaxies, includes the Milky Way’s neighbors.
  • Cosmic web filaments connect galaxy clusters, spanning millions of light-years.
  • The observable universe extends 93 billion light-years in diameter.

Origin of the Universe Examples

  • The Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago created all matter and energy.
  • Cosmic microwave background radiation, detected today, is a remnant of the Big Bang.
  • The early universe expanded rapidly in a period called inflation.

Evolution of the Universe Examples

  • Galaxies formed about 1 billion years after the Big Bang, as gas clouds collapsed.
  • Dark energy, discovered in 1998, accelerates the universe’s expansion.
  • The first stars, Population III, were massive and formed 200 million years after the Big Bang.